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The Evolution Site The theory of evolution by natural selection is the unifying force of modern biology. It combines disciplines like microbiology, palaeontology, and genetics. The study of evolution may be controversial and the misinformation that is generated can lead to confusion over its basic concepts. This website helps to clarify essential concepts. What is Evolution? The current understanding of evolution focuses on the gradual change that occurs within populations over time. These changes are the results of natural selection. This is a process which increases the number of organisms that have beneficial traits, which enable them to thrive and reproduce in certain environments. They produce more offspring because of their positive traits. 에볼루션 룰렛 could cause a genetic change that could eventually lead to new species. The term “evolution” is usually associated with “survival-of-the fittest” which implies that individuals who are better adaptable to specific environmental conditions will have an advantage over those who are less well adapted. In reality it is only one of the many ways that evolution can occur. Another common way the word evolution is used to suggest that a species will invariably progress from one state of being to the next state of being. This type of view of evolution could be referred to as anagenetic, or cladogenesis. The definition of evolution in science is not in agreement with this view. The theory of evolution that is based on science change focuses instead on the changes that occur in populations over time. These changes are the result mutations which result in natural selection and genomic variation. Some scientists, including the great Charles Darwin, advocated this view of evolution. Alfred Russel Wallace who developed the macroevolution theory believed this was the only way in which the higher forms of living could have evolved. A theory must stand against rigorous tests and evidence to be considered as a theory. The evidence of evolution has stood up to the test of time and has been backed by numerous studies in a wide range of scientific disciplines, from geology to biology to astronomy. In fact evolution is regarded as one of the fundamental tenets of science today and is backed by the vast majority of scientists around the world. However, there are many misconceptions about the theory of evolution, particularly how it is related to religion. What is the Theory of Evolution (Evolutionary Theory)? Evolution is the scientific explanation of the way living things change over time. It relies on a number of well-established and observable facts: that more offspring are often produced than could possibly survive in the long run; that individuals differ from each other in their physical characteristics (phenotype) and that various characteristics result in different rates of survival and reproduction and can be passed down to the next generation. These observations are backed up by a growing amount of evidence derived from molecular biology, palaeontology climatology functional geology and morphology. Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace independently conceived the theory of evolution based on selection in the mid-19th century as an explanation why organisms are able to adapt to their biological and physical environments. It is the most well-supported and validated theory in science. Its predictions were confirmed by the fact that for instance, more complex organisms have less genetic mutations. In addition, the more efficient an organism is in surviving and reproducing in its ability to reproduce, the more likely it will be to pass its genes to the next generation. Some people are against evolution because they think it implies that there is no reason for existence. However, many scientists who are also religious such as the renowned Cambridge Palaeontologist Simon Conway Morris, believe that evolution isn't just compatible with faith in God but also enhances it (BioLogos 2014). In fact, a large number of highly trained evolutionary biologists, including a few who are respected evangelical Christian leaders, have been involved in the creation and testing of the theory of evolution. Many of these scientists contributed to the understanding of a wide range phenomena, including genomics and phylogenetics, and also the formation and function of fossils. The word “theory” is often used incorrectly to mean a guess or speculation however it actually is a scientific hypothesis that has been systematically tested and refined over time. Scientists test their hypotheses by repeating the experiment or observations that resulted in them. Thus, the theory of evolution has been repeatedly tested out, as have the related theories of Copernican, germ and atomic theory. What is the Process of Evolution? The process of evolution is the gradual change over time in the proportion of genetically distinct individuals within a specific species. This is the result of natural selection of individuals who are better adapted to their environment. The individuals who are more adapted have better chances of reproduction and survival. As more of these individuals survive and reproduce their genes become more common within the population. This is often referred to as “survival of the fittest.” According to the theory of evolution the mutations that result in genomic variation are the raw material of evolutionary change. These mutations may occur randomly or under the influence of the environment. When mutations occur at random, the allele frequencies may vary from generation to generation. However, when the mutation is beneficial it can increase the frequency of the allele, causing it to spread through the population. Changes in the frequency of alleles could lead to new species over time. The new species may develop further and evolve into newer forms. This is known as macroevolution. The creation of a new species is often due to changes in the environment that make certain kinds of resources available or cause new environmental challenges. The evolution of finches in the Galapagos Islands, for example, is due to the availability of new food and the necessity to defend themselves against predators. In a wider sense, evolution can be defined as any change in the character of living organisms over time. The change could be subtle, such as the development of new coloration or a dramatic change, such as the formation of an organ. Scientists who believe in evolution theory generally agree that genetic changes are crucial in the process of the process of generating evolution. They also acknowledge that evolution is a process that happens over time, typically over millions of years. They differ on the importance of different factors that may speed up or slow down the process. For example the role played by sexual selection, environmental pressures, and mutation bias. Despite these differences, the majority of scientists believe that evolution is real and that the evidence to prove it is overwhelming. What is the Evidence of Evolution? Since 에볼루션 룰렛 , scientists have gathered evidence to support his theory of evolution. The evidence comes from fossils that demonstrate the evolution of living organisms over time. Similarities between living and non-living organisms as well as embryology, biogeography and genetics are evidence. The evolutionary tree is the best method to prove the existence of evolution. It demonstrates how species are related. Homologous structures are another proof. They share a common structure, but they perform different functions in different species, like the wing of a bat or bird. Evolution is evident in that various species adapt and evolve to similar environments. For instance, arctic foxes and Ptarmigans wear white pelts during the winter months that blend in with the snow and ice. This is a type of convergent evolutionary mechanism, which suggests the species shared ancestral ancestors. The vestiges of structures are another source of evidence. They are the remains of an organism that could have served a purpose in the past. The human appendix for instance, is a vestige from an organ that once used to digest food. Natural selection is a process that causes these structures to shrink as they are no longer utilized. Scientists have also gathered evidence for evolution through observation and experimenting. Evidence for evolution is divided into six categories: directly observed small-scale changes, biogeographic patterns as well as comparative anatomy, fossil record, genetics, and classification. Each of these categories provides compelling evidence for the evolution of life. Although many people have misconceptions about the theory of evolution it is an empirical fact. It is not a speculative theory, but a significant collection of evidence based on decades of observation. Regardless of what people believe or disbelieve about the theory of evolution scientists continue to research and collect new data in order to further know the story of life on Earth. This information will aid scientists to understand how to avoid future global catastrophes and also how to make the most of the resources of our planet. This information will also allow us to better serve the needs and wants of all the people living on this planet.